Selective potentiometric determination of meloxicam in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids by using polymeric membrane electrode

The construction and electrochemical response characteristics of polymeric membrane sensor was investigated for potentiometric determination of meloxicam. The construction of the sensor was based on the incorporation of meloxicam-phosphomolybdate ion-pair in a poly [vinyl chloride] matrix. Linear response over the concentration range of 10[-5]-10[-2] M with anionic slope 55.42 mV per concentration decade. The direct potentiometric determination of meloxicam in pure forms using meloxicam-phosphomolybdate sensor gave average recovery of 99.83 +/- 0.7. The results obtained by the proposed procedure were statistically analyzed and compared with those obtained by using the reported method. The proposed sensor was also applied successfully to the determination of the drug in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids. The presence of tablet's excipients did not interfere with the determination of the drug or with the accuracy precision of the proposed method

Spectrophotometric determination of cations in presence of surfactants II. determination of nickel [II] using some AZO and xanthene reagents

The present work describes sensitive, rapid and economic methods for determination of nickel [II] using Sulphochlorophenol S I, Bromopyrogallol Red II or Pyrogallol Red III, in acid or basic media, in presence or absence of surfactants, without heating or extraction. The effect of pH, reagent concentration, time, temperature, and addition sequence, have been studied. Beer's law is obeyed over the ranges 0.5-6, 0.4-5.4 and 0.2-5 gml-1 of nickel [II] using reagents I, II and III, respectively. The molar absorptivities for the binary complexes ranges from 0.68 to 1.97 x 104 lmol-lcm-1, while for ternary complexes from 0.59 to 3.3 x 104 lmol-lcm-1. Sandell sensitivities are ranging 0.921-8.51 gml-1 for binary complexes and 1.79 -10.05 gml-1 for ternary ones. LOD were 0.1241, 0.0711, 0.0365, 0.0485, 0.0421 and 0.0536 for reagent [I]. For reagent [II] LOD were 0.0418, 0.0261, 0.2086, 0.1249, 0.0708 and 0.0471, and for reagent [III] were 0.0356, 0.0491, 0.025 and 0.1248. LOQ were 0.4137, 0.237, 0.1217, 0.1617, 0.1403 and 0.1787 for reagent [I]; 0.1393, 0.0870, 0.6953, 0.4163, 0.2359 and 0.1570 for reagent [II] and 0.1187, 0.1637, 0.0833 and 0.416 for reagent [III]. X +/- s.D. were 100.096+/- 0.653, 99.763+/- 0.88, 99.742+/- 0.921, 100.106+/- 0.267, 99.445+/- 0.454 and 100.443+/- 0.761 for reagent [I]; 99.922+/- 0.1, 00.208+/- 0.234, 100.184+/- 0.27, 100.287+/- 0.408, 100.021+/- 0.411 and 100.211+/- 0.2C5 for reagent [II] and 100.061+/- 0.582, 99.685+/- 0.386, 100.052+/- 0.144 and 100.004+/-0.095 for reagent [III]. The effect of surfactants on the complexes produced was studied regarding stability, molar absorptivity, sensitivity, applicable concentration ranges and stoichiometric ratios. The proposed procedures were statistically compared the results given by the atomic absorption spectrometric method with good accuracy d precision. The evaluation of the method was examined by the determination of Ni [II] in hydrogenated vegetable oil

Spectrophotometric determination of cations in presence of surfactants III. determination of zinc [II] using some AZO and xanthene reagents

A sensitive spectrophotometric method for zinc [II] has been established by reacting zinc with sulphochlorophenol S [I] and pyrogallol red [II] in buffer solutions of pH 8.4 and 9.4 for the two reagents respectively, either in absence or presence of hexadecylpyridinium chloride. The molar absoroptivities are 1.2 and 1.9; and 1.61, 5.39, 2.31 and 3.58x10[4] 1 mol[-1]. Cm[-1] at 665, and 722 for sulphochlorophenol S, 600; 302, 630, and 316 nm for pyrogallol red using reagents I and II, respectively. Beer's law is obeyed over 0.2-6.0 g.ml[-1]. Sandell sensitivities of the methods are evaluated. The formed complexes have the molar ratios of zinc [II]: ligand 3:2 and 3:7 for reagents I and II respectively, whereas the stability constant for the formed complexes are calculated and the -log stability constant recorded. LOD are 0.025 and 0.0491 for reagent [I], 0.0356, 0.1098, 0.0708 and 0.0408 for reagent [II]. X +/-S.D. are 100.97 +/-1.17 and 100.04 +/-0.191 for reagent [I], 99.94 +/-0.733, 99.98 +/-0.213, 100.8 +/-0.325 and 100.13 +/-0.233 for reagent [II]. Statistical analysis of the results obtained compared to the results obtained by the atomic absorption spectrophotometric method revealed equal precision and accuracy. The suggested procedure was applied for determining zinc [II] in pharmaceutical preparations and proved high validity

Propranolol hydrochloride-selective membrane electrode and their application to pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids

The sensitivity and selectivity of a propranolol-selective membrane electrode have been improved with the use of propranolol-ammonium reineckate as electroactive material in the presence of di-butyl sebacate as plasticizer and tetrahydrofuran as solvent mediator. The electrode exhibited a near-Nernstain response over a concentration range of 1x10-2 -5x10-6M propranolol hydrochloride with a slope of 52.7+/-0.6 mV per decade. The practical pH range was 3-8. Interferences from common cations, alkaloids and drug excipients were reported. The proposed electrode has been successfully applied to determine propranolol hydrochloride in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations. The results were correlated well with those obtained by BP standard procedure

Plastic bumetanide membrane sensor and its applications in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids

A novel plastic poly [vinyl chloride] membrane electrode based onbumetanide-tungstophosphate ion association as electroactive material for the determination of bumetanide in pure form, pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids is developed, in which the plasticizer is di-butyl sebacate. The linear response covers the range of lxl0[6]-lxl0 [3] M drug concentration with a slope of 58.5 mV/decade The practical pH range is 5-8. Interferences from common cations, alkaloids and drug excipients are reported. The proposed electrode has been successfully applied to determine bumetanide in pure form and the content uniformity for tablets. The results are correlated well with those obtained by the official USP 25, NF 20 method

Spectrophotometric determination of cinnarizine, famotidine and metoclopramide hydrochloride using 2, 6-dichiorophenol indophenol

A simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate method for the determination of cinnarizine, famotidine and metoclopramide hydrochloride in pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations is develoed. The method is based on the reaction between dichlorophenol indophenol [DCPIP]and the cited drugs to give bluish violet radical ions exhibiting maximum absorption at 650, 642and 654 nm for cinnarizine, famotidine and metoclopramide respectively Optimizatiation of the experimental conditions is described Beer's law is obeyed from 15 to 140,10 to 65 and 3 to 9 ug ml[-1] for cinnarizine famotidine and metoclopramide respectively with molar absorptivities 2.421 x10[3], 4.313x10[3] and 2.112x10[4] L.mol[-1].cm[-1] for cinnarizine, famotidine and metoclopramide respectively and Sad ell sensitivities 6.569x10[-3], 1.278x10[-3] and 6.646x10[-3] ug cm[2-]. The developed method is applied successfully for the determination of the cited drugs in pure forms and in the crresponding pharmaceuticals without any interferencs from common excipients